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H. A. Madziga1*, O. A. Sodipo2, J. G. Usman3, D. Yahi1, M. Chiroma1, N. A. Ojo1
1Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
2Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
3National Veterinary Research Institute Vom, P.M.B. 01, Plateau State, Nigeria
*Corresponding author
H. A. Madziga
Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Phone No. +2348036957110
Abstract
Objective: to study the effects of methanol extract of young pods of Moringa oleifera on some biochemical parameters in wistar rats. Materials and methods: A total of 80 apparently healthy rats of both sexes were used for this experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C, D) of 20 rats each. Group A served as the control and received distilled water throughout the experimental days; while groups B, C and D were given methanol extract of young pods of Moringa oleifera at a dose range of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight respectively for 21 days. The following serum biochemical parameters were observed at the end of every week (7 days), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, total albumin, total cholesterol, urea, creatinine and electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Inorganic Phosphate). Results and conclusion: The result of the study on serum albumin showed that the extract on initial administration caused a significant (P<0.05) decrease of 27.60±1.14 mg/L, 18.00±0.71 mg/L and 23.40±1.14 mg/L respectively when compared to 39.00±0.71 mg/L of control at day 7 of treatment. Day 14 showed a significant (P<0.05) increase compared to 26.20±0.84 mg/L of control while day 21 indicated no change. Cholesterol level at day 7 showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease of 1.26±0.11 mg/L, 0.74±0.11 mg/L and 0.60±0.07 mg/L respectively compared to control of 1.50±0.07 mg/L. Sodium level at day 7 with extract doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease of 110.00±0.71 mg/L, 70.20±0.84 mg/L and 100.40±0.55 mg/L respectively compared to 135.60±0.55 control. Potassium at day 7 with 400 mg kg dose showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease of 2.50±0.07 mg/L. There were significant (P<0.05) decreases in the levels of serum enzymes, AST, ALT and ALP. Therefore it was concluded that prolonged administration of methanolic extract of young pods of Moringa oleifera, increased serum albumin, decrease serum cholesterol, decrease serum sodium, increase potassium and calcium, decrease urea and creatinine levels and caused decrease in AST, ALT and ALP enzymes.
Keywords: Methanol extract, young pods, Moringa oleifera, serum biochemicals
